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LINUX Commands

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•5 min read
A
Anant Saraf

hostname

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# uname -n
DESKTOP-CL9FNGA
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#

long listing

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# ls -l
total 65972
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root     4096 Apr  8 03:13 GIT
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root     4096 Dec 13 19:24 aws
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 67517785 Dec 15 17:33 awscliv2.zip
-rwx------ 1 root root    11903 Dec 14 17:09 get_helm.sh
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root     4096 Apr  8 03:12 kong-routing-stack
drwx------ 3 root root     4096 Dec 27 06:01 snap
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root     4096 Apr  8 03:19 venv
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# ls
GIT  aws  awscliv2.zip  get_helm.sh  kong-routing-stack  snap  venv
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# ifconfig
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        ether 02:42:a7:12:bb:97  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.28.76.177  netmask 255.255.240.0  broadcast 172.28.79.255
        inet6 fe80::215:5dff:fe9d:b727  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:15:5d:9d:b7:27  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 33008  bytes 48091228 (48.0 MB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 3339  bytes 245518 (245.5 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#

grep command

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# ls -l |grep -i git
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root     4096 Apr  8 03:13 GIT
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#

listing

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# ls -la
total 66076
drwx------ 17 root           root               4096 Apr 28 05:44 .
drwxr-xr-x 22 root           root               4096 May  5 05:26 ..
drwxr-xr-x  3 root           root               4096 Nov 30 07:30 .ansible
drwxr-xr-x  2 anantgsaraf123 anantgsaraf123     4096 Dec 23 17:49 .aws
drwxr-xr-x  5 root           root               4096 Apr 30 07:33 .azure
-rw-------  1 root           root              16596 Apr 30 07:43 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--  1 root           root               3164 Nov 30 11:16 .bashrc
drwx------  5 root           root               4096 Apr 28 05:44 .cache
drwx------  3 root           root               4096 Apr  8 04:35 .docker
-rw-r--r--  1 root           root                277 Dec 14 19:06 .gitconfig
drwx------  2 root           root               4096 Nov 30 07:19 .gnupg
drwxr-xr-x  3 root           root               4096 Dec 27 06:06 .kube
drwx------  3 root           root               4096 Nov 23 07:15 .launchpadlib
-rw-------  1 root           root                 20 Apr  8 03:35 .lesshst
drwxr-xr-x  3 root           root               4096 Dec  5 06:42 .local
-rw-r--r--  1 root           root                  0 May  5 05:30 .motd_shown
-rw-r--r--  1 root           root                161 Apr 22  2024 .profile
drwx------  2 root           root               4096 Apr 30 06:46 .ssh
-rw-------  1 root           root                 28 Dec  5 18:03 .vault-token
-rw-------  1 root           root              12094 Feb 24 18:42 .viminfo
-rw-r--r--  1 root           root                181 Dec 15 07:00 .wget-hsts
drwxr-xr-x  3 root           root               4096 Apr  8 03:13 GIT
drwxr-xr-x  3 root           root               4096 Dec 13 19:24 aws
-rw-r--r--  1 root           root           67517785 Dec 15 17:33 awscliv2.zip
-rwx------  1 root           root              11903 Dec 14 17:09 get_helm.sh
drwxr-xr-x  3 root           root               4096 Apr  8 03:12 kong-routing-stack
drwx------  3 root           root               4096 Dec 27 06:01 snap
drwxr-xr-x  5 root           root               4096 Apr  8 03:19 venv
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#

how to get more information about any command

man ls

mkdir command

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp# mkdir test
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp# ls -l
total 24
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root    0 May  5 05:27 dbus-51oQ3Sviii
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 May  5 05:26 snap-private-tmp
drwx------ 3 root root 4096 May  5 05:26 systemd-private-6bf581919ed34ce09da363bd201bc3b9-systemd-logind.service-iXPOHz
drwx------ 3 root root 4096 May  5 05:26 systemd-private-6bf581919ed34ce09da363bd201bc3b9-systemd-resolved.service-iR1Eyr
drwx------ 3 root root 4096 May  5 05:26 systemd-private-6bf581919ed34ce09da363bd201bc3b9-systemd-timesyncd.service-IGllZ5
drwx------ 3 root root 4096 May  5 05:26 systemd-private-6bf581919ed34ce09da363bd201bc3b9-wsl-pro.service-2GZNo6
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May  5 05:43 test
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#

netstat command

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp# netstat -tulnp |grep -i vault
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8200          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      253/vault
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp# netstat -tulnp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.53:53           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      213/systemd-resolve
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.54:53           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      213/systemd-resolve
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8200          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      253/vault
udp        0      0 127.0.0.54:53           0.0.0.0:*                           213/systemd-resolve
udp        0      0 127.0.0.53:53           0.0.0.0:*                           213/systemd-resolve
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:323           0.0.0.0:*                           -
udp6       0      0 ::1:323                 :::*                                -
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#

mkdir command

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp# mkdir test/dqsw/aqw/eswqs/edd/cwq/seas/
mkdir: cannot create directory ‘test/dqsw/aqw/eswqs/edd/cwq/seas/’: No such file or directory
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp# mkdir -p test/dqsw/aqw/eswqs/edd/cwq/seas/
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp# tree test
test
└── dqsw
    └── aqw
        └── eswqs
            └── edd
                └── cwq
                    └── seas

7 directories, 0 files
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:tmp#

less command

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:log#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:log# less syslog
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:log#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:log#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:log#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:log# pwd
/var/log
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:log#

how to find biggest file in linux

root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec ls -lS {} + | head -n 1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 67517785 Dec 15 17:33 ./awscliv2.zip
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec ls -lS {} + | head -n 1 |awk '{print $5}'
67517785
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec ls -lS {} + | head -n 1 |awk '{print $9}'
./awscliv2.zip
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec ls -lS {} + | head -n 1 |awk '{print $9}'| awk -F "/" '{print $2}'
awscliv2.zip
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# ls -l
total 65972
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root     4096 Apr  8 03:13 GIT
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root     4096 Dec 13 19:24 aws
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 67517785 Dec 15 17:33 awscliv2.zip
-rwx------ 1 root root    11903 Dec 14 17:09 get_helm.sh
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root     4096 Apr  8 03:12 kong-routing-stack
drwx------ 3 root root     4096 Dec 27 06:01 snap
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root     4096 Apr  8 03:19 venv
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~#
root@DESKTOP-CL9FNGA:~# pwd
/root

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